Case based questions Rise of Nationalism in Europe

 

Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow: 

1. Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of conservatism. Conservatives believed that established, traditional institutions of state and society – like the monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and the family should be preserved. Most conservatives, however, did not propose a return to the society of pre-revolutionary days. Rather, they realised, from the changes initiated by Napoleon, that modernisation could in fact strengthen traditional institutions like the monarchy. It could make state power more effective and stronger. A modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy, the abolition of feudalism and serfdom could strengthen the autocratic monarchies  

of Europe. In 1815, representatives of the European powers who had collectively defeated Napoleon, met at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The delegates drew up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars. The Bourbon dynasty, which had been deposed  

during the French Revolution, was restored to power, and France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion in future.  

(A) Which of the following statement  

correctly describes European

conservative Ideology?

 (a) Preservation of believes introduced

by Napoleon.

 (b) Preservation of two sects of

Christianity. 

 (c) Preservation of socialist ideology in economic sphere. 

 (d) Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society. 

(B) Identify the purpose to convene the  

Vienna of Congress in 1815 from the

following options.

 (a) To declare competition of German

unification. 

 (b) To restore the conservative regime in Europe. 

 (c) To declare war against France. 

 (d) To start the process of Italian

Unification. 

(C) What did conservatives focus, at

the Congress of Vienna? Select the

appropriate option. 

 (a) To re-establish peace and stability in Europe. 

 (b) To establish socialism in Europe. 

 (c) To introduce democracy in France.

 (d) To set up a new Parliament in Austria. 

(D) How did the Congress of Vienna ensure peace in Europe? Select the appropriate option. 

 (a) With the restoration of Bourbon  

Dynasty.

 (b) Austria was not given the control of

Northern Italy.

(c) Laying out a balance of power

between all the great powers in

Europe.

 (d) By giving power to the German

confederation. [Delhi Gov. SQP 2022] 

 2. Grimms’ Fairy Tales is a familiar name in Germany. The brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were born in the German city of Hanau. While both of them studied law, they soon developed an interest in collecting old folktales.  

They spent six years travelling from village to village, talking to people and writing down fairy tales, which were handed down through the generations. These were popular both among children and adults.  

In 1812, they published their 昀椀rst collection of tales. Subsequently, both the brothers became active in liberal politics, especially the movement for freedom of the press. In the meantime, they also published a 33-volume dictionary of the German language. 

The Grimm brothers also saw French  

domination as a threat to German culture and believed that the folktales they had collected were expressions of a pure and authentic German spirit. They considered their projects of collecting folktales and developing the German language as part of the wider effort to oppose French domination and create a German national identity. 

(A) Why did the Grimm brothers give the tales a readable form without changing  

their folkloric character? 

 Choose the correct option from the

following:

(a) The collection enjoyed wide

distribution in Germany.

(b) It became a model for the collecting

of fantasy tales. 

(c) It formed the basis for the science of the language. 

(d) People easily accepted their written adventurous tales. 

(B) The impact of literary contributions of Grimm brothers was widespread. Identify the best suitable option depicting the  

same from the following: 

(a) Development of cities and towns.

(b) Setting up of new political parties.

(c) Promotion of ethnic belonging.

(d) Emergence of socialist ideology.

(C) Fill in the blank from the given options:

 The work of the Grimm brothers

influenced and inspired people to  

collect tales. They believed in a spirit of ........................... and considered it essential  

for the reflection of national identity. 

(a) culturalism (b) conservatism

(c) extremism (d) liberalism

(D) Why the foreign domination was

considered a threat to nation building?

Select the best suitable option from the

following, in reference to the context.

(a) Exploitation of natural resources.

(b) Erosion of native values and ethos.

(c) Violence and mass killing of people.

(d) Spread of new diseases in the

country. [CBSE Term-1 SQP 2021]