PYQ 5M Power sharing

 FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

24. How majoritarianism has increased the feeling of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamils? Explain.

[CBSE 2014]

Ans :

Sri Lankan Tamils felt alienated because:

1. Government adopted majoritarian measure to establish Sinhala Supremacy. In 1956, an Act was passed to recognise Sinhala as the only , official language thus disregarding Tamil.

2. The governments followed preferential politics that favoured Sinhala applicants for university positions and government jobs.

3. A new Constitution stipulated that the state shall protect and foster Buddhism.

4. Sri Lankan Tamils felt that none of the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala leaders were sensitive to their language and culture.

5. As a result, the relations between the Sinhala and Tamil communities strained overtime and it soon turned into a Civil War.

25. Explain how Belgium was able to solve its ethnic problem. [CBSE 2013,2024]

or

Explain the power sharing arrangement in Belgium.

[CBSE 2011]

or

State the main elements of the power sharing model evolved in Belgium.

Ans : [CBSE 2011]

The main elements of the power-sharing model evolved

in Belgium were:

1. Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch

and French-speaking ministers shall be equal

in the Central Government. Some special laws

require the support of majority of members from

each linguistic group. Thus, no single community can make decisions unilaterally.

2. Many powers of the Central Government have been given to State Governments of the two regions of the country. The State Governments are not subordinated to the Central Government.

3. Brussels had a separate government in which both the communities have equal representation.

The French- speaking people accepted equal representation in Brussels because the Dutch speaking community has accepted equal representation in the Central Government.

4. Apart from the central and the state government, there is a third kind of government called the Community Government.

5. This community government is elected by people belonging to one language community—Dutch, French and German-speaking. This government has the power regarding cultural, educational and language related issues